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WERA027: Potato Variety Development

Annual/Termination Reports (SAES-422): [05/20/2011] [03/12/2012] [03/25/2013]

Date of Annual Report: 05/20/2011

Report Information:
  • Annual Meeting Dates: 02/01/11 to 02/01/11
  • Period the Report Covers: 01/2010 to 12/2010

    • Participants:
    Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting:
    Minutes 2011 Western Regional Annual Meeting Best Western Vista Inn Boise, ID Tuesday, February 1, 2011

    Chair: Zach Holden

    Secretary: Sanjay Gupta

    Call to Order: Zach Holden called meeting to order at 1:00 pm.

    Introductions: Introductions were already made during the Tri-State Meeting.

    Approval of Minutes: A motion to accept the minutes was made by Dave Holm and seconded by Creighton Miller. The motion passed unanimously.

    State Reports: Washington, Oregon and Idaho: Reports were presented in the Tri-State Meeting earlier in the day and did not have anything to add (see attached report).

    Texas: Creighton Miller presented the Texas report. He said that PVP was granted on Stampede Russet and Rio Rojo in 2010 (see attached report). Colorado: Dave Holm presented the Colorado report. He said that CO95051-7W is going to be released. Purple Majesty is being licensed by a company out of the United Kingdom (see attached report).

    California: Rob Wilson presented the California report. He reported that the Tule Lake location is a site for the Western Regional Trial, the Southwest Regional Trial, as well as chip seed spacing and pest management trials. Rob commented that although the budgetary situation is not good in California, they have been able to continue operations at previous capacity. Chuck Brown asked if the position held by Ron Voss will be filled. Rob said there is a lot of support for the position and that it may potentially be refilled in the future (see attached report).

    PVP and PVMI Updates: Jeanne Debons updated the committee about activities of PVMI. Visit website at http://www.pvmi.org/ for more information. Jeanne Debons updated the committee about activities of PVMI.

    Results were reported for the 2010 Western Regional trials.

    Early and Late Trials (Rich Novy): Rich Novy shared the Early and Late trial results. Rich said that data from the Springlake, Texas was reported but not used in the multi-location averages due to the hail and psyllid damage to the crop at that location.

    Post Harvest Results (Rick Knowles): Rick Knowles presented the post harvest results.

    Regional Chipping Trial (Dave Holm): Dave Holm presented the results from the Regional Chip Trial.

    Red/ Specialty Trial (Brian Charlton): Brian Charlton presented the Red/Specialty Trial results.

    Disposition of Entries: Russet Trials: The following entries graduated from the Western Regional Trial: A97066-42LB, A0008-1TE, CO98067-7RU, PA99N2-1, and PA99N82-4. The following entries were advanced into the Western Regional Trial from the Tri-State: A01025-4, A02060-3TE, and AO02183-2. The returning and new entries include: A98345-1, A00324-1, A01010-1, AC99375-1RU, AO00057-2, AO96305-3, AOTX96265-2Ru, CO99053-3RU, CO99053-4RU, CO99100-1RU, PA00N14-2, A01025-4, AO01114-4, AO02060-3, AO02183-2, and A02060-3TE.

    Red/Specialty Trials: The following entries graduated from the Western Regional Red/Specialty Trial: COTX94216-1R, COTX94218-1R, A99326-1PY, POR03PG80-2, A00286-3Y, and CO00412-5W/Y. The following entries were advanced into the Western Regional Specialty/Red Trial from the Tri-State Specialty/Red Trial: OR04131-2, POR05PG56-1, and OR04036-5. The returning and new entries are: CO99076-6R, CO99256-2R, A99331-2RY, A99433-5Y, ATC00293 -1W/Y, CO01399-10P/Y, CO00291-5R, OR04036-5, ATTX01178-1R, ATTX98453-6R, ATTX98510-1R/Y, and COTX01403-4R/Y.

    Chip Trials: No entries graduated from the Western Regional. The returning and new entries include: A01143-3C, CO00188-4W, CO00197-3W, CO00270-7W, AC01151-5W, CO02024-9W, CO02033-1W, and CO02321-4W.

    Seed Supply and Shipping List: Seed supplies and shipping lists were discussed. Final decisions were delayed pending each states decision on seed acceptance.

    Additional Business

    Donn Thill, Director of IAES and Administrative Advisor for WERA 027, discussed the status of the Tetonia Research and Extension Center and that it will remain open, due to partnerships with several crop commissions. It will operate at a reduced capacity. Also discussed were financial challenges of operating the tissue culture lab at the UI Moscow campus. A fee based system will be implemented at the tissue culture lab. PVMI agreed to draft a letter to be sent to the Tri State parties to address tissue culture variety clean up, plantlet and mini tuber production fees.

    Brian Schneider asked if the 50 pound regional trial seed increases will continue. Brian Charleton said he will do that.

    2012 Meeting Date and Location: The 2012 meeting site will be Denver, CO. Future meeting sites will be rotated between the Tri-Cities,WA Boise and Denver .

    Election of Secretary: Rob Wilson was elected Secretary

    Meeting was adjourned at 4:30 pm.


    URL: Copy of minutes

    Accomplishments:
    Washington State University 2010 Tri-State/Regional Report MJ Pavek, NR Knowles, ZJ Holden, CD Hiles

    Process demand has declined along with acreage restrictions encouraged by the United Potato Cooperative. WA potato production fell by 30,000 acres between 2007 and 2010 (165,000 to 135,000 A). There are likely other factors affecting potato demand, none-the-less, we hope to see the Washington acreage increase in the near future.

    The interest in new varieties is on the rise. Over 18% of all seed lots in the 2010 WSU Seed Lot Trial were varieties that were newly developed or are new to the region. This is a record high and is up over 7% from just 3 years ago. In 1962, only eight varieties were entered into the trial, in 2002 23 varieties and in 2010 there were forty two entries. Varieties developed by the Northwest Potato Variety Development Program/PVMI accounted for 47% of the seed lots entered into the 2010 trial and included: Premier Russet, Classic Russet, Alpine Russet, Blazer Russet, Clearwater Russet, Highland Russet, Alturas, Ranger, Umatilla, and Gallatin Russet, Defender, and A0008-1TE.

    We are conducting N rate trials on Clearwater, Alpine, A0008-1TE, Sage, Owyhee, Classic, Ranger, Umatilla, and Russet Burbank. We conducted N-timing trials on Premier, Ranger, Umatilla, Blazer, and A0008-1TE. We are looking at in-row spacing of Clearwater and Premier. We hope to include phosphorous research on new cultivars in the hopes of identifying more efficient varieties.

    We conducted our largest Tri-State 10-hill and PYT trials this year and hope to continue the early testing in the future. Results from our research will be converted into PVMI cultural management guides when research is complete. We, as other Universities, are experiencing budget issues.

    Oregon State University 2010 Tri-State/Regional Report F Goktepe, S Yilma, B Charlton, C Shock, D Hane, D Culp

    As part of the Tri-State potato variety development program, the main objectives of the Oregon State University potato variety development and breeding program are selecting, evaluating and releasing new varieties, adaptive to the local conditions for both fresh and processing markets. The USDA/ARS, Aberdeen breeding program provides 80-85% of russet processing & fresh crosses each year as True Potato Seed (TPS). Breeding efforts at Oregon State University complement and enhance those of the USDA/ARS program in Aberdeen, ID by incorporating disease and pest resistances using multi-trait genotypic recurrent selection, as illustrated by the publication of marker-assisted selection (MAS) efforts for PVY resistance (Ottoman et al., and Vales et al., 2010) and the evaluation of genetic diversity in Tri-state clones (Karaagac et al., 2010). Introgression of genetic resistance focused on viruses, late blight, tuberworm, and rootknot and stubby-root nematodes. New molecular markers were added this past year to screen for resistance to Columbia root-knot nematode, late blight (RBgene), PVX, and potato cyst nematode. As expected, germplasm enhancement is a continuous application utilizing traits of interest from various sources including but not limited to wild species and land races.

    In 2010, the Oregon group conducted multiple field trials at four locations (Hermiston, Powell Butte, Corvallis and Klamath Falls). A total of 83,019 single hills were planted at Powell Butte and Klamath Basin R&E Center (KBREC). Approximately 473 clones were retained at Powell Butte and 291 at KBREC for further evaluation. Approximately, 50,000 seedling tubers were generated in Corvallis greenhouses with approximately 80% TPS derived from USDA/ARS Aberdeen, ID crosses and the remainder originating from USDA/ARS Prosser, WA and OSU. The largest tuber (A-size) from each tuberling was reserved for planting at Klamath Falls. The B-sized clones will be shared among collaborative institutes. The Oregon group led the release of two Tri-state varieties Sage Russet (AO96164-1) is a medium maturing high yield with a high proportion of U.S. No. 1 tubers, and excellent processing quality, & AmaRosa (POR01PG22-1) is a medium maturing fingerling potato clone with red skin and medium red flesh. Four advanced clones (POR01PG20-12, AO96141-3, POR03PG23-1 and POR02PG37-2) were recommended for 2011 releases. In addition, disease/pest/abiotic stress resistance trials were performed at Corvallis (late blight), Hermiston (Verticillium wilt/early die, PVY, PLRV, and tuber worm), and Klamath Falls (root-knot nematode).

    Due to recent budget constraints and changes in potato personnel a major restructuring of the Oregon variety development program is underway. As a result, Corvallis will focus on seedling tuber production, screening germplasm for resistances using molecular markers, and late blight screening. Hermiston and Klamath Falls will focus on variety development activities while Malheur will conduct early generation screening to abiotic stresses. Single-hill selection and subsequent seed increase will move from Powell Butte to Klamath Falls. The major breeding and selection activities will be continued with specific goals by following basic breeding principles.

    The major accomplishments of each station are outlined below:

    CSS: Made more than 270 successful crosses between promising long russets, chippers, reds and specialties clones and parental clones with cold sweetening resistance and known resistance to tuber worm, PVY, PLRV, late blight, corky ring spot, and nematodes.

    Produced more than 50,000 seedling tubers from TPS in Corvallis greenhouses for Oregon single-hill screening for planting in 2011. In addition, 40,000 B size seedling tubers will be sent to Texas A&M University and to other collaborative institutions.

    Evaluated agronomic and quality traits of Western regional red and specialty, PYT2 and statewide specialty trials in Corvallis.

    Evaluated potato sensory quality of specialty clones in statewide trials.

    Evaluated foliar and tuber late blight resistance of 367 potato clones in artificially inoculated trials in Corvallis. Two hundred seventy three early generation selections were evaluated in 12- and 4-hills plots. Fifty one advanced breeding selections and named varieties and 43 varieties from the National Late Blight Evaluation Program were evaluated in replicated trials.

    Maintained 85 potato accessions in the disease-free clone bank and produced ~300 lbs of disease-free pre-nuclear minitubers for research purpose.

    Performed molecular marker evaluations for PVY resistance on 176 single hills clones selected in 2009. A total of sixty three resistant clones with the PVY resistant gene Ryadg and with the PVY resistance gene Rysto were identified for further selection & testing.

    Screened 48 breeding clones from Aberdeen breeding program for PVY markers.

    Screened 10 clones selected in 2009 in single hills for resistant to Colombia root-knot nematodes (CRKN). Six clones were confirmed to have resistant the gene RMc1(blb), from S. bulbocastanum.

    A graduate student, Jose Ortega finished working on his Master degree project on PVY resistant derived from Premier Russet (A93157-6LS) and scheduled to defend his thesis.

    DNA fingerprinting of 54 varieties and advanced clones from the North West breeding; Program was conducted for variety identification and for PVP.

    Prepared PVP and release documents for new released varieties.

    Conducted three molecular breeding trials supported by OSU, Agricultural Research Foundation on PVY, late blight (RB gene) resistant, and Colombia root-knot nematodes.

    Evaluated 232 varieties in SolCAP collaborative trials.

    KBREC:

    Evaluated 70 advanced Tristate and Western Regional cultivars for fresh market, processing, and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the Klamath Basin.

    Evaluated 179 preliminary and advanced Oregon cultivars.

    Screened 59 4-hill chipping selections from 2009 single-hills grown in Klamath County and retained 15 for further evaluation.

    Screened 59 4-hill specialty selections from 2009 single-hills grown in Klamath County and retained 9 for further evaluation.

    Pre-selected, planted, harvested, and evaluated 26,656 single-hill seedling tubers and selected 291 for further evaluation.

    Summarized and published all red-skinned and specialty-type variety trial information from all participating regional cooperators.

    HAREC:

    Evaluated 33 advanced Tristate and Western Regional cultivars for fresh market, and processing use characteristics adaptable to the lower Columbia Basin.

    Evaluated 125 preliminary and advanced Oregon cultivars.

    Evaluated 759 Oregon selections and 112 USDA-ARS Aberdeen selections for visual reselection, with 70 and 23 cultivars being selected, respectively.

    Evaluated 56 Tristate and Western Regional cultivars for early die resistance.

    COARC:

    Produced and stored seed of 1,041 selections at Powell Butte for Oregon, Tristate, and Western Regional trials to be conducted in 2011.

    Packaged (5, 10, 25, and 50 lb sacks) and shipped 29,104 lbs. of seed to 19 research and 9 industry cooperators in 14 states.

    Pre-selected, planted, harvested, and evaluated 57,704 single-hill seedling tubers and selected 473 for further evaluation.

    Summarized and published all variety trial information from 3 Oregon sites.

    Maintained a web site featuring a potato variety database that generates various yield and quality reports.

    University of Idaho 2010 Tri-State/Regional Report 2010 Tri-State Technical Committee Meeting - Idaho Report

    Variety Development:

    No new varieties were released by the Idaho program last year. A97066-42LB, A98345- 1, A0008-1TE A00324-1, and A01010-1 were entries in the Western Regional Potato Variety Trials. A01010-1 appears to have potential as a dual purpose russet and also has high levels of vitamin C and protein. A0008-1TE is under consideration for release, primarily for early fresh production. Average yields in early harvest trials in Idaho, Oregon and Washington have been comparable to Russet Norkotah, but it has higher levels of vitamin C and protein. Additional research will be conducted in 2011 to assess fresh pack potential for A0008-1TE under commercial conditions.

    Seven clones were evaluated last year in the Tri-State Red/Specialty Trial, including, A02267-1Y, A02267-5PY, A03576-5Y, NDA8512C-1R, NDA050237B-1R, A05173-2RY, and A05177-4RY. In addition, A99326-1PY, A99331-2RY A00286-3Y and A99433-5Y were evaluated in the Western Regional Red/Specialty Trial. A99326-1PY is under consideration for release in 2011. It is a purple-skinned, yellow fleshed clone with good culinary quality and medium yield potential.

    Continuing Research Studies:

    In 2010, 36 trials were conducted at 7 locations across southern Idaho, consisting of advanced and cooperative variety trials, grower variety trials, genetic studies, and management studies. Efforts to enhance potato vitamin C content continued, with breeding efforts progressing to increase levels of ascorbic acid. In addition, screening studies were again conducted in 2010 in an effort to develop russets with good yield and quality characteristics and resistance to corky ringspot. The study is progressing well with a number of russets with good type being identified with good corky ringspot resistance.

    Management Studies:

    Nitrogen Responses - In 2010, we continued a multi-year study in which we compared the nitrogen use efficiency of varieties released by the Northwest Potato Variety Development Program with that of Russet Burbank. The varieties included Alpine Russet, Alturas, Classic Russet, Clearwater Russet, Highland Russet, Premier Russet, Umatilla Russet and Western Russet. In each of these trials, the varieties received N fertilizer at rates ranging from 0 to 360 lb N/acre, with the N split between pre-plant (60%) and in-season (40%) applications. We compared the yield produced per lb of N fertilizer for each variety at the point of maximum yield. With the exception of Highland Russet, all of the new varieties had appreciably higher N use efficiency than Russet Burbank at maximum yield, with improvements ranging from 118 to 170% of RB. Nitrogen requirements for a given yield goal, were about 40% less than Russet Burbank for Alturas and 20-25% less than Russet Burbank for Alpine Russet, Classic Russet, Clearwater Russet and Premier Russet. Western Russet required about 10% less N than Russet Burbank, while Highland Russets N requirement was similar to Russet Burbanks

    Irrigation Responses - In an additional study conducted at Aberdeen in 2010, Alpine Russet, Alturas, Clearwater Russet, Premier Russet Umatilla Russet and Russet Burbank were irrigated during the growing season at; 1) 100% ET, 2) 75% ET, or 3) 50% ET. Premier Russet, Alpine Russet and Clearwater Russet had the highest total and US No. 1 yields with irrigation at 100% ET. Premier Russet, Alpine Russet and Clearwater Russet also had the highest US No. 1 yields with the 75% ET and 50% ET irrigation treatments.

    Response to Reduced Pesticide Applications - Studies were conducted in 2010 as part of an ISDA-SCBG research project at Parma and Aberdeen to evaluate the potential for reducing pesticide rates on new varieties from the Tri-State. Varieties included in this study were Alpine Russet, Alturas, Clearwater Russet, Premier Russet and Umatilla Russet, and Russet Burbank. Preliminary results have shown that pesticide rates for some of these varieties can be reduced in comparison to Russet Burbank.

    Texas 2010 Tri-State/Regional Report

    84,644 first year seedlings, resulting from 657 different parental combination or families (crosses), were grown for selection on the Barrett Farm (16,860) near Springlake and on the CSS Farm (67,784) near Dalhart.

    573 original selections were made.

    14 clones were intercrossed to produce 11 families.

    We received seedlings tubers from the Idaho (6,860), Oregon (30,696), Colorado (20,020), and North Dakota (11,616) breeding programs.

    We grew 33,726 tuberlings in the greenhouse from true seed.

    Evaluation trials were conducted at Weslaco (Winter - December 6 planting, April 14 harvest), Springlake (Spring  April 1 planting, August 2, 5, 24, and 26 harvests), and Dalhart (Fall  May 6 planting, September 6,20 and October 4, 18, 20 harvests) 693 advanced selections/new cultivars were tested in 40 separate trials.

    Western Regional Trials were conducted at both Springlake (Chip, Russet and Red/Specialty) and Dalhart (Chip).

    The Texas Program had three entries in the Western Regional Russet Trial (AOTX95265-1Ru, AOTX96216-2Ru, and AOTX96265-2Ru) and three entries in the Western Regional Red/ Specialty Trial (BTX2332-1R, COTX94216-1R, COTX94218-1R).

    The Texas program had 13 entries (ATTX88654-2P/Y, ATTX98510-1R/Y, ATTX01180-1R/Y, BTX2103-1R/Y, COTX01403-4R/Y, TX1674-1W/Y, AOTX96084-1Ru, AOTX98152-3Ru, ATX9332-12Ru, AOTX91861-4R, ATTX98453-11BR, NDTX5003-2R, and NDTX5438-11R) in theSouthwestern Regional Trials.

    Field day was held on July 15 at Springlake and was well attended.

    Initiated a major expansion of the chip program with participation in the National Breeders Chip Trial.

    Continued investigating activity of bioactive compounds from potato on prostate cancer in vivo.

    Virtually all of the russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2010 were the improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. Over the past several years, Texas recorded the highest Summer crop yields in the nation (440-465 Cwt/A) among the 11 states producing a summer crop.

    PVP was granted for Stampede Russet and Rio Rojo in 2010.

    A major preoccupation of the program continues to center around the Zebra Chip effort.

    Emphasis on virus testing and clean-up continued.

    Colorado State University 2010 Tri-State/Regional Report

    The Colorado Potato Breeding and Selection Program intercrossed 99 parental clones in 2010 in two separate crossing blocks. The emphasis of the first crossing block was russet, chipper, specialty cultivar development and PVY resistance. The second crossing block emphasized russet and specialty cultivar development and PVY resistance. Seed from 278 combinations was obtained.

    Approximately 57,200 seedling tubers representing 218 families were produced from 2008 and 2009 crosses for initial field selection in 2011. These seedlings represent crosses segregating primarily for russet, reds, specialty types, and resistance to late blight, PVY, corky ringspot, and nematodes. Second through fourth size seedling tubers will be distributed to Idaho (USDA-ARS), Minnesota, North Dakota, Oregon, Texas, Wisconsin, and Alberta, Canada (Agriculture Canada).

    Colorado grew 84,924 first-year seedlings representing 478 families in 2010, with 623 selected for subsequent planting, evaluation, and increase in future years. A portion of these seedlings were obtained from the USDA-ARS (Aberdeen, Idaho and Beltsville, Maryland, MD), Agriculture Canada, Texas A&M University, North Dakota State University, and Oregon State University. Another 1,166 clones were in 12-hill, preliminary, and intermediate stages of selection. At harvest, 370 were saved for further increase and evaluation. Fifty-five advanced selections were saved and will be increased in 2011 pending further evaluation. Another 281 selections and cultivars were maintained for germplasm development, breeding, and other experimental purposes including seed increase/maintenance.

    Field trials conducted in 2010 included: Preliminary Trial, Intermediate Yield Trial, Intermediate Specialty Yield Trial, Advanced Yield Trial, Advanced Fingerling Trial, Southwestern Regional Russet Trial, Southwestern Regional Red Trial, Southwestern Regional Chip Trial, Southwestern Specialty Trial, Western Regional Russet/Processing Trial, Western Regional Red Trial, Western Regional Specialty Trial, San Luis Valley Chipping Trial, and Western Regional Chipping Trial. All trials are grown under low input conditions, primarily for reduced nitrogen and fungicide.

    A total of 212 samples are in the process of being evaluated for two or more of the following postharvest characteristics: blackspot susceptibility, storage weight loss, dormancy, enzymatic browning, specific gravity, french fry color, french fry texture, and chip color.

    Advanced selections evaluated in the Southwest Regional Trials, Western Regional Trials, or by Colorado producers in 2010, included 6 russets (AC99375-1RU, CO97087-2RU, CO98067-RU, CO99053-3RU, CO99053-4RU, and CO99100-1RU), 2 reds (CO99076-6R and CO99256-2R), 9 chippers (AC01151-5W, CO95051-7W, CO97043-14W, CO00188-4W, CO00197-3W, CO00270-7W, CO02024-9W, CO02033-1W, and CO02321-4W), and 8 specialties (AC97521-1R/Y, AC99329 -7PW/Y, ATC00293-1W/Y, CO97226-2R/R, CO97232-2R/Y, CO00412-5W/Y, CO01399-10P/Y, TC02072-3P/P). An additional 12 selections are being considered for exclusive release. Included in this group is CO95051-7W. Since the WR Regional Chip Trials it has undergone extensive testing in the USPB/SFA Chip Trials and the USPB Fast Track program. This round white selection has excellent chip color after long term storage. Plant Variety Protection was granted to Rio Grande Russet in 2010.

    Since 1975, there have been 27 potato cultivars/clonal selections released by Colorado State University or in cooperation with other agencies. Colorado State University releases accounted for 59% of the 55,500 acres planted to fall potatoes in Colorado in 2010. Primary Colorado cultivars planted were Russet Norkotah-S3 (24%), Canela Russet (13%), and Rio Grande Russet (7%). Colorado cultivars and clonal selections accounted for 44% of the 12,053 acres of Colorado certified seed accepted for certification in 2010. Advanced Colorado selections accounted for another 1% of the seed acreage. Three of the top 10 russet cultivars grown for seed in the U.S. [Canela Russet (#7), Rio Grande Russet (#8), Russet Norkotah-S3 (#9) in 2009 were developed by the Colorado program. For reds Sangre-S11 ranked #7. For colored fleshed specialties, Mountain Rose and Purple Majesty both ranked #1 among red- and purple-fleshed cultivars.

    In 2010, horticultural evaluations were conducted on 23 potato cultivars and advanced selections in 16 trials at 7 locations in the San Luis Valley of Colorado. Tests included 9 russets, 4 reds, 10 specialties including 2 fingerlings. The trials assessed the influence of different cultural management practices on plant growth, development, tuber yield, tuber size distribution, and tuber quality of potato cultivars, in an effort to establish optimum management guidelines for each cultivar. Studies conducted in 2010 included the response of four potato cultivars to different nitrogen (N) application rates. Nitrogen rate treatments ranged from 0 (control) to 202 kg N/ha. The influence of in-row seed spacing on the performance of five potato cultivars was evaluated. Potato cultivars were planted at 25, 30, 35, and 40 cm. The effect of N application timing on the performance of a newly released potato cultivar Mesa Russet was concluded in 2010. Pre-plant N application rate treatments included 0, 68, 90, 112 kg N/ha, and a control, where no N was applied. Where N was applied, the remainder of the total N recommended for the cultivar was applied in three split applications during the crop growing season. The effect of compost and N application rate was concluded in 2010. Compost application rate treatments ranged from 2.2 to 11.2 Mg/ha. Within each compost application rate treatment N was applied either at the full recommended rate or one half of the recommended rate for the cultivar. Specific results of these trials will be available at a later date.

    2010 Tulelake Potato Research Update UC Intermountain Research & Extension Center, Tulelake, CA

    Variety Development:

    Evaluated 44 Western Regional, 24 Southwest Regional, and 11 entries of local interest for the Late Russet, Red/Specialty and Chipper Variety Trials to look for entries suitable for the Klamath Basin.

    Evaluations included variety susceptibility to Verticillium wilt.

    Cultural Management:

    Seed Spacing Trial: Evaluated 6 Chip varieties, one was WR entry CO97043-14W, at 4 different seed spacings of 6.75, 9.25, 12.5, and 15 inches

    Pest Management:

    Herbicide Trial: Evaluated efficacy and crop safety of varying rates and tank-mixes of Outlook, Prowl H2O, Matrix, and Metribuzin on Russet Norkotah.

    Disease management trials examining control methods for Black dot and VerticilliumWilt.

    PVMI Report: Tri-State & Western Regional Technical Meeting 2.1.11. Jeanne Debons, Executive Director PVMI

    PVMI has collected $88,500 in license fees and $329,527.28 in royalties. The breakdown of where the funds are coming from is approximately 1/3 from the Tri-States, 1/3 from the US and 1/3 from outside the US, meaning 2/3 of the total comes from outside the Tri-State area. The license fees were reduced in January 2009, this has been received positively with more licenses administered this past year.

    For the first year in 2009 Ivory Crisp provided royalty income as will Alturas in 2010. This will help to offset the losses by Premier having being dumped and Classic problems encountered with fresh packing.

    All seed growers who grow Classic have been sent New Classic Russet Management Guidelines prepared by Jeff Stark and Mark Pavek.

    A successful RFP and exclusive license has been granted to Klamath Basin Fresh Direct LLC, Dan Chin for Purple Pelisse which is currently being managed in the US and Canada. The Coop is also sublicensing to other growers including Potandon, Childstock Farms and others.

    PVMI has worked to create both Tri-State and variety marketing and promotional materials to be distributed at exhibitions and through the website www.pvmi.org. A new community site is available to be used by all members of the industry to buy, sell and blog about potatoes http://community.pvmi.org.

    $33,792 was paid by PVMI to the Universities for PVP costs incurred by them since 2006. Note also that an additional $15,213 was paid for International PBR, this includes trials, application and administration costs associated with registering the new varieties in Canada. Future PBR costs will be covered by parties bringing varieties to new countries under the Sub-License Agreement.

    The sum of $100,000 was distributed to the Universities for the second year running for further distribution in aid of the research and breeding efforts, as it is one of the principal objectives of PVMI.

    PVMI is concentrating in supporting the existing Tri-State varieties as well as getting them evaluated in foreign markets, where potential for income ($1.00/CWT seed sold) is high, and Tri-State has an excellent international reputation. PVMI is also working with Lorie Ewing to get more money into the Potato Lab at University of Idaho.

    Impact Statements:
    1. Idaho The primary outcome of the project is the collaborative development and release of new potato varieties to improve the economic efficiency of potato production in Idaho and the region. Extensive effort is put into the process of commercial adoption and use of these new varieties. The fresh market industry, French fry processors and chippers have incorporated many varieties developed through the Tri-State variety development program into their businesses. Ranger Russet, Alturas, Western Russet, Premier Russet, and Umatilla Russet were the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th most widely grown varieties in Idaho in 2010, respectively and accounted for 18.3% of the planted acreage in Idaho in 2010.
    2. Washington Over the past 5 years we have evaluated 7 of the recently released potato varieties form the Northwest Potato Variety Development Program to improve nitrogen use efficiency. Results show that the potential for improving the efficiency of N fertilizer use through the use of these newer potato varieties is substantial. Reducing fertilizer applications by 20-40% per unit of yield produced would not only provide a considerable economic benefit to growers but would also provide environmental benefits and contribute significantly to the sustainability of potato production systems.
    3. Colorado Since 1975, 27 potato cultivars/clonal selections were released by CSU or in cooperation with other agencies. CSU releases accounted for 59% of the 55,500 A planted to fall potatoes in CO in 2010. CO cultivars and clonal selections accounted for 44% of the 12,053 acres of CO certified seed accepted for certification in 2010. Advanced CO selections accounted for another 1% of the seed acreage. Three of the top 10 russet cultivars grown for seed in the U.S. [Canela Russet (#7), Rio Grande Russet (#8), Russet Norkotah-S3 (#9)] in 2009 were developed by CSU. For reds, Sangre-S11 ranked #7. For colored-fleshed specialties, Mountain Rose and Purple Majesty both ranked #1 among red- and purple-fleshed cultivars.
    4. Texas Twelve improved varieties have been developed/co-developed and/or released from the Texas Potato Breeding and Variety Development Program. Virtually all of the russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2010 were to the improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. In 2009 the average summer crop yield in Texas was reported to be 460 Cwt/A, the highest in the nation among 11 states with summer crop production. In Texas, the farm gate value of the crop has grown from less than $20 million to about $99.5 million with an annual economic impact to the state estimated to exceed $300 million.
    Last Modified: 06-Jul-2011

    Date of Annual Report: 03/12/2012

    Report Information:
  • Annual Meeting Dates: 01/31/12 to 01/31/12
  • Period the Report Covers: 01/2011 to 12/2011

    • Participants:

    URL: Copy of participant list
    Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting:

    URL: Copy of minutes
    Accomplishments:
    Colorado

    The Colorado Potato Breeding and Selection Program intercrossed 104 parental clones in 2011 in two separate crossing blocks. Approximately 40,610 first-size seedling tubers representing 154 families were produced from 2010 greenhouse crosses for initial field selection in 2012. These seedlings represent crosses segregating primarily for russet, reds, specialty types, and resistance to late blight, PVY, corky ringspot, and nematodes. Colorado grew 84,560 first-year seedlings representing 477 families in 2011, with 738 selected for subsequent planting, evaluation, and increase in future years. A portion of these seedlings were obtained from the USDA-ARS (Aberdeen, Idaho), Agriculture Canada, Texas A&M University, and North Dakota State University. Another 966 clones were in 12 hill, preliminary, and intermediate stages of selection. At harvest, 330 were saved for further increase and evaluation. Sixty-eight advanced selections were saved and will be increased in 2012 pending further evaluation. Another 303 selections and cultivars were maintained for germplasm development, breeding, and other experimental purposes including seed increase/maintenance. Seventy advanced selections were saved and will be increased in 2012 pending results of ongoing evaluations. Advanced selections evaluated in the Southwest Regional Trials, Western Regional Trials, or by Colorado producers in 2011, included 10 russets (AC99375 1RU, AC00395 2RU, CO97087 2RU, CO99053 3RU, CO99053 4RU, CO99100 1RU, CO03187 1RU, CO03202 1RU, CO03276 4RU, and CO03276 5RU), 4 reds (CO98012 5R, CO99076 6R, CO99256 2R, and CO00291 5R), 9 chippers (AC01151 5W, AC03433 1W, CO95051 7W, CO00188 4W, CO00197 3W, CO00270 7W, CO02024 9W, CO02033 1W, and CO02321 4W), and 15 specialties (ATC00293 1W/Y, AC99329 7PW/Y, AC99330 1P/Y, CO97222 1R/R, CO97226 2R/R, CO97232 1R/Y, CO97232 2R/Y, CO00412 5W/Y, CO01399 10P/Y, CO03027 2R/R, CO03094 5RF/RW, CO04021 2R/Y, CO04013 1W/Y, CO04117 5PW/Y, and CO04045 4P/P). Current plans are to name AC99329 7PW/Y, CO99053 3RU, CO99100 1RU, CO95051 7W in 2012. Plant Variety Protection was granted for Rio Colorado in 2011.

    Idaho

    Variety Development In 2011, three new potato varieties were released from the Idaho breeding program in collaboration with the Tri-State program, including Teton Russet (A0008-1TE), Huckleberry Gold (A99326-1PY) and Palisade Russet (A97066-42LB).

    Teton Russet is a dual purpose cultivar with maturity similar to Russet Norkotah. It has higher protein content than those of most standard varieties and relatively high vitamin C content. Teton Russet also has excellent culinary qualities that are comparable to Russet Burbank and Classic Russet. It shows good potential for the early fresh market, with potential as a replacement for Russet Norkotah. Industry evaluations of processing quality for Teton Russet show that it has excellent potential for producing premium quality fries. In addition, laboratory analyses by industry and university researchers have confirmed that Teton Russet has relatively low concentrations of asparagine, which is a key component in acrylamide formation.

    Huckleberry Gold is a medium-early maturing fresh variety with purple skin and yellow flesh and medium yield potential. Merit ratings for fresh pack characteristics including postharvest evaluations for boiling, baking, and microwave characteristics were comparable to those for Yukon Gold. Huckleberry Gold has moderately low specific gravity and good resistance to tuber malformations and most internal and external defects. Huckleberry Gold tubers have glycoalkaloid, reducing sugar and protein concentrations that are similar to Yukon Gold, but substantially higher antioxidant concentrations and lower vitamin C and sucrose concentrations.

    Palisade Russet is notable for having resistance to foliar and tuber late blight. It is also resistant to Verticillium wilt, black dot, and pink rot, and has a moderate level of resistance to tuber net necrosis, potato virus Y (PVY), and early blight of both the foliage and tuber. Palisade Russet has shown high specific gravities in western production regions of the U.S. which may limit its acceptance by the western processing industry. However, it may have potential as a processing cultivar in areas with inherently low specific gravities. In addition, the very low incidence of sugar ends observed in Palisade Russet relative to Ranger Russet and Russet Burbank also supports its use for processing.The disease resistances of Palisade Russet also make it a good candidate for organic production, or for use by growers seeking reduced pesticide inputs.

    We had five russet varieties in the Western Regional Trials in 2011 including A98345-1, A01010-1, A00324-1, A01025-4, and A02060-3TE all of which were included in the early and late harvest trials. Several of these selections were also evaluated in early processing trials by industry. We also had eight russet varieties in the early and late season Tri-State Variety Trials. Ten specialty varieties were evaluated in Tri-State Variety Trials at Aberdeen and Parma. Huckleberry Gold was included as a check in these trails so its agronomic performance could be compared to A02267-5PY, a similar purple skin-yellow flesh variety.

    Management Studies

    Nitrogen Responses - In 2011, we continued a multi-year study in which we compared the nitrogen use efficiency of varieties released by the Northwest Potato Variety Development Program with that of Russet Burbank. The varieties included Alpine Russet, Alturas, Umatilla Russet, Clearwater Russet, Teton Russet and Huckleberry Gold. In each of these trials, the varieties received N fertilizer at rates ranging from 0 to 360 lb N/acre, with the N split between pre-plant (60%) and in-season (40%) applications. We compared the yield produced per lb of N fertilizer for each variety at the point of maximum yield. All of the new varieties had appreciably higher N use efficiency than Russet Burbank at maximum yield, requiring 15-42% less N than RB per unit of yield produced.

    Irrigation Responses - Studies designed to evaluate the responses of 5 of the Tri-State releases to reduced amounts of irrigation were conducted at Aberdeen in 2010-2011.Alpine Russet, Alturas, Clearwater Russet, Premier Russet Umatilla Russet and Russet Burbank were irrigated during the growing season at; 1) 100% ET, 2) 75% ET, or 3)50% ET. All of the Tri-State varieties produced higher yields than Russet Burbank under moderate (75% ET) and severe (50% ET) drought. Under moderate drought stress, Umatilla, Alpine and Premier Russet produced 26, 19 and 16% higher total yields than RB, respectively, while Premier, Alpine and Clearwater Russet produced 86, 73 and 73% higher US No. 1 yields than RB.Under severe drought, Alpine, Umatilla and Premier produced 45, 36 and 31% higher total yields than RB, respectively, while Alpine and Premier Russet produced 235% and 229% higher US No. 1 yields than RB, respectively.

    Response to Reduced Pesticide Applications- Studies were conducted in 2010-11 as part of an ISDA-SCBG research project at Parma and Aberdeen to evaluate the potential for reducing pesticide rates on new varieties from the Tri-State. Varieties included in this study were Alpine Russet, Alturas, Clearwater Russet, Premier Russet and Umatilla Russet, and Russet Burbank. Results have shown that pesticide rates for most of these varieties can be reduced in comparison to Russet Burbank.

    Late Season Management of Classic Russet and Teton Russet - A study was conducted at Aberdeen in 2011 to evaluate the effects of N timing and harvest date on yield, skin set and shatter and blackspot bruise potential for Classic Russet and Teton Russet. Nitrogen timing treatments were 1) 80% preplant, 20% in-season, 2) 60% preplant, 40% in-season, and 3) 40% preplant, 60% in-season. Harvest dates were Sept. 7 and Sept. 27. Yields generally increased with later N applications, as did yield of tubers >6 oz. Shatter bruise was not significantly affected by N timing or harvest date, but blackspot bruise was higher with the latter harvest. Skin maturity for Teton Russet was slightly better for early N applications than late N. However, skin set for Classic Russet at the early harvest timing was better when most of the N was applied in-season, but was unaffected by N timing at the later harvest. Additional studies were conducted to determine optimal seed piece spacing and N rates for Teton Russet, the data from which were used to develop management recommendations. Teton Russet required about 20% less N than RB per unit of yield produced at maximum yield. Total yields were higher with an 8 inch seed piece spacing than with 11 or 13 inch spacings, but yield of larger tubers increased as spacing increased.

    Huckleberry Gold - Nitrogen rate and plant spacing effects on yield and tuber size distribution for Huckleberry Gold were also evaluated in 2011. Resulting recommendations for optimal tuber size profiles are 60-80% of the RB N requirement and 6-8 inch seed piece spacing.

    Oregon

    KBREC: Evaluated 71 advanced Tri-State and regional cultivars for fresh market, processing, and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the Klamath Basin; Evaluated 194 preliminary and advanced Oregon cultivars; Screened 609 4-hill russet selections from 2010 single-hills grown in Klamath County and Powell Butte, OR and retained 47 for further evaluation; Screened 59 4-hill chipping selections from 2010 single-hills grown in Klamath County and retained 12 for further evaluation; Screened 99 4-hill specialty selections from 2010 single-hills growing in Klamath County and Powell Butte, OR and retained 20 for further evaluation; Planted, harvested, and evaluated 47,725 single-hill seedling tubers and selected approximately 1 - 2% for further evaluation; Summarized and published all red-skinned and specialty-type variety trial information from all participating regional cooperators; Produced and stored seed of approximately 1,000 selections (93,250 lbs) at Klamath Falls for Oregon, Tri-State, and regional trials to be conducted in 2012; Under PVMI contract, produced certified nuclear class seed of 5 varieties (22,600 lbs) and advanced selections

    HAREC: Evaluated 41 advanced Tri-State and regional cultivars for fresh market and processing use characteristics adaptable to the lower Columbia Basin; Evaluated 144 preliminary and advanced Oregon cultivars; Evaluated 753 preliminary and advanced Oregon cultivars for Zebra Chip expression; Evaluated 609 4-hill russet selections from 2010 single-hills grown in Klamath County and Powell Butte, OR

    MES: Evaluated 194 preliminary and advanced Oregon cultivars for fresh market and processing use characteristics adaptable to the Treasure Valley; Evaluated the cooking performance of specialty varieties.

    CSS: Made more than 184 successful crosses between promising long russets for fresh market and processing, to a lesser extent chippers, reds and specialties clones. The crosses will integrate the major viruses ( PVY, PVX, PLRV) resistant genes, cold sweetening resistance and known resistance to tuber worm and potato psyllid, late blight, corky ring spot, and nematodes; Produced a total of 72,000 seedling tubers in Corvallis greenhouses. The A sized 50,000 seedling tubers will be planted in Klamath Falls, Oregon in single-hill. The remaining about 22,000 B size seedling tubers will be distributed for collaborative institutions. Evaluated agronomic and quality traits of Oregon state wide russets and specialty and PYT2 specialty trials in Corvallis; Evaluated potato sensory quality of specialty clones in Statewide trials; Evaluated foliar and tuber late blight resistance early generations and advanced potato clones in artificially inoculated trials in Corvallis. Maintained 85 potato accessions in the disease-free clone bank. Performed molecular marker evaluations for PVY resistance on 176 single hills clones selected in 2010. A total of sixty three resistant clones with the PVY resistant gene Ryadg and with the PVY resistance gene Rysto were identified for further selection & testing; In collaboration with USDA/Aberdeen program by using molecular markers & bioassay we were able to pyramid PVY, PVX and potato pale cyst nematode resistance genes in a single cross.(NPC/USDA funded); By using induced mutation and in vitro techniques we have generated clonal variants of Russet Burbank, Russet Norkotah, and Ranger Russet etc. for further evaluation and selection. We have validated the use of molecular markers to screen for resistance to Colombia root knot nematodes. PVP filed for AmaRosa and Sage Russet. PVP trials were conducted for new near releasing advanced clones. We have conducted several collaborative trials with USDA/ ARS, Aberdeen, Prosser, Beltsville, University of Wisconsin.

    Other thanks to WSU (Pavek, Holden, etc.) for harvesting and grading Tri-state and Regional trials planted at HAREC. Finished interviews for new potato position at HAREC; PVP filed for Sage Russet and AmaRosa; Proceed with release documents for POR02PG37-2 and TerraRosa (discouraged unless requested by PVMI); Zebra Chip syndrome prevalent at HAREC, excellent opportunity for selection pressure; POR02PG37-2 won best of class for yellow potato category in Or. Potato Commission statewide contest.

    Texas

    Thirteen improved varieties have been developed/co-developed and/or released from the Texas Potato Breeding and Variety Development Program. In 2010, the three Texas Russet Norkotah selections (TXNS112, TXNS278, and TXNS296) collectively ranked fourth among the top 50 US varieties in acres accepted for seed certification, behind only Russet Burbank, Frito Lay varieties, and Ranger Russet.

    -99,328 first year seedlings, resulting from 661 different parental combination or families (crosses), were grown for selection on the Barrett Farm (58,460) near Springlake and on the CSS Farm (40,868) near Dalhart.

    -490 original selections were made

    -15 clones were intercrossed to produce 15 families

    -We received seedlings tubers from the Idaho (6,362), Oregon (7,991), Colorado (39,933), and North Dakota (20,648) breeding programs.

    -We grew 48,232 tuberlings in the greenhouse from true seed and sent tuberlings to Colorado (14,757), Idaho (7,476), and North Dakota (7,476)

    -Evaluation trials were conducted at Weslaco (Winter - December 6 planting, April 14 harvest), Springlake (Spring - March 21 planting, July 30, August 3, and 25 harvests), and Dalhart (Fall - May 2 planting, September 19, 26 and October 3 and 17 harvests) 757 advanced selections/new cultivars were tested in 33 separate trials

    -Western Regional Trials were conducted at both Springlake (Chip, Russet and Red/Specialty) and Dalhart (Chip)

    -The Texas Program had one entry in the Western Regional Russet Trial (AOTX96216-2Ru,) and four entries in the Western Regional Red/ Specialty Trial (ATTX01178-1R, ATTX98453-6R, ATTX98510-1R/Y, and COTX01403-4R/Y)

    -The Texas program had six entries (ATTX88654-2P/Y, ATTX01180-1R/Y, TX1674-1W/Y, AOTX96075-1Ru, COTX02172-1R, and NDTX5438-11R) in the Southwestern Regional Trials

    -The Texas Field day was held on July 15 at Springlake and was well attended

    -Continued investigating activity of bioactive compounds from potato on prostate cancer in vivo

    -Virtually all of the russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2011 were the improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. Over the past several years, Texas recorded the highest summer crop yields in the nation (440-465 Cwt/A) among the 11 states producing a summer crop

    -A major effort of the program continues to center around Zebra Chip

    -Emphasis on virus testing and clean-up continued -In 2011, high temperatures were 10 degrees higher and low temperatures were 5 degrees higher than normal in Springlake, with less than a half inch of precipitation for the season. These trials received a severe freeze on 4 and 5 May and psyllid populations were unusually low

    -In 2010, the three Texas Russet Norkotah selections (TXNS112, TXNS278, and TXNS296) collectively ranked fourth among the top 50 US varieties in acres accepted for seed certification, behind only Russet Burbank, Frito Lay varieties, and Ranger Russet

    Washington

    Each year, WSU collects seed lot samples from potato growers across the state. These seed lots are evaluated for seed carry over issues such as disease and herbicide damage and any variety mixing. The composition of the 2011 WSU Seed Lot Trial included 23% of other varieties (varieties without significant acreage), 21% Russet Burbank, 18% Russet Norkotah, 14% Ranger Russet, 13% Umatilla Russet, 8% Alturas, and 3% Premier Russet. Varieties developed by the Northwest Potato Variety Development Program/PVMI accounted for 42% of the seed lots entered into the 2011 trial and included: Premier Russet, Alpine Russet, Blazer Russet, Alturas, Ranger, Umatilla, and Gallatin Russet, Modoc, TerraRosa, Defender, PA00N14-2, AO96141-3, A01010-1, and A84180-8. In 1962, only eight varieties were entered into the Seed Lot Trial. In 2011 there were forty five entries. Russet Burbank acreage continues to decline.

    We continue to update cultural management information for Alturas, Alpine Russet, Classic Russet, Clearwater Russet, Owyhee Russet, Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank, Teton Russet, Sage Russet, and Umatilla Russet by conducting nitrogen, phosphorous, irrigation, and plant population studies. The research documents in-season growth and development as well as effects on post-harvest quality and storability.

    We continued Tri-State 10-hill and PYT trials this year and hope to continue the early testing in the future. Results from our research will be converted into PVMI cultural management guides when research is complete.

    We started a Fresh Pack Variety Trial, for both early harvest (~100 DAP) and late harvest (~150 DAP) Justification: Russet Norkotah, the predominant fresh pack variety, is susceptible to PVY. It is difficult for seed growers to certify their Norkotah and difficult for commercial growers to find certified seed. Norkotah internal color tends to turns brownish-gray following months of storage. Objectives: Identify most profitable varieties for early and late harvest, Identify varieties with traits similar to Russet Norkotah: bruise resistance, appearance, early and late, with good flavor, texture and appearance. It is also essential to maintain and increase demand and grower income. Methods: Twelve varieties were included in the trial: Russet Norkotah, R. Norkotah strains CO-3, CO-8, TX278, and TX296, and Russet Burbank, Teton Russet, Classic Russet, Owyhee Russet, and numbered varieties with promise: A01010-1, A096141-3, PA00N14-2. All varieties were grown in an early harvest trial and a late harvest trial.

    Preliminary results can be seen on the following pages.

    Taste test data from potatoes in the 2011 Late Harvest Fresh Pack Trial harvested three weeks earlier. For each category (e.g. Aroma, Texture) values are lowest at the center of the graph and highest at its parameter. Ratings are from a minimum of 50 taste panelists.

    California

    In California, russet, red, white, and specialty potatoes are planted or harvested almost every day of the year. California harvested potato acreage totaled 37,600 in 2011. California currently lacks a public potato breeding program and instead works closely with the Southwest and Western Regional programs for breeding stock and advance selections. Work in Tulelake included evaluation of 69 advance selections in three replicated trials in 2011. The trials included entries from the Western Regional variety development program, the Southwest Regional variety development program, and varieties of local interest. Verticillium wilt susceptibility screening was conducted on all Western Region selections in Tulelake.

    Cultural Management Trials

    Seed Spacing Trial: This study evaluated the influence of seed spacing on potato varieties yield, tuber size distribution, and quality. Each variety was planted at four seed spacings: 6.5, 9.1, 11.8, and 14.3 inches. Entries included chip varieties and varieties from the Southwest Regional program and Western Regional Program.

    Nitrogen Fertilization Trial: This study evaluated the influence of nitrogen fertilizer on Classic Russet and Russet Norkotah yield, quality, and revenue on the high organic matter soils of Tulelake. Treatments evaluated split application of nitrogen with 50% applied at planting and 50% from tuber initiation to mid-bulking. Rates ranged from 0 to 300 lbs applied N per acre per season. Additional treatments evaluated the influence of different nitrogen application timings and three nitrogen additive products.

    Pest Management Trials

    Influence of Fungicides and Biological Controls on Potato Diseases and Yukon Gold Yield and Quality: This study investigated chemical and non-chemical disease controls and the integration of control methods for control of Rhizoctonia solani (black scurf), Colletotrichum coccodes (black dot), and Verticillium dahlia (Verticillium wilt). The study involved two separate trials conducted in 2011. One trial evaluated treatments applied to a potato crop grown in soil that was not fumigated prior to planting. The other trial was conducted in a field that was fumigated with metam sodium (Vapam) in fall 2010 and evaluated a sub-set of the same treatments. Harvest data included tuber yield, tuber size, potato grade, and tuber external and internal quality. Disease evaluations for Rhizoctonia, Colletotrichum, and Verticillium were conducted during the growing season and post-harvest.

    The Influence of Metam Sodium (Vapam) and 1,3-dichloropropene (Telone II) on Russet Potato Yield and Potato Early Dying Suppression : This study was established to evaluate the influence of fumigation and potato variety on potato yield and disease incidence. It was conducted in a field with a history of early-dying. Verticillium dahliae is considered the primary causal agent of early dying. The study was a split-plot design. Whole-plot treatments were metam sodium and/or 1,3-Dichloropropene applied in fall 2010 at different rates. In spring 2011, three russet potato varieties with varying susceptibility to early dying were planted in each fumigation plot. Potato varieties included: Russet Norkotah (highly susceptible to early-dying), Russet Burbank (moderately susceptible to early dying), and Classic Russet (moderately resistant to early-dying). All plots were managed the same with regard to irrigation, fertilization, and insect/weed management. No fungicides were applied to the study site.

    Impact Statements:
    1. Colorado State University releases accounted for 57% of the 54,000 acres planted to fall potatoes in Colorado in 2011. Colorado cultivars and clonal selections accounted for 50% of the 13,286 acres of Colorado certified seed in 2011. Three of the top 10 russet cultivars grown for seed in the U.S. [Canela Russet (#6), Rio Grande Russet (#7), Russet Norkotah-S3 (#8) in 2010 were developed by the Colorado program. For reds Sangre-S11 ranked #7. For colored-fleshed specialties, Mountain Rose and Purple Majesty both ranked #1 among red- and purple-fleshed cultivars.
    2. Ranger Russet, Umatilla Russet and Western Russet, were the 3rd, 4th, and 5th most widely grown varieties in Idaho in 2011, respectively, and they accounted for 17% of the planted acreage in Idaho in 2011.
    3. In OR, Ranger Russet, Umatilla Russet, Alturas, Premier Russet, and Modoc ranked 2nd, 4th, 6th, 7th, and 8th, respectively, and they accounted for 38% of Oregon‘s total potato acreage.
    4. Umatilla Russet, Ranger Russet, Alturas, and Premier Russet were the 2nd, 4th, 5th, and 8th most widely grown cultivars in WA in 2011, respectively, and they accounted for 39% of Washington‘s total acreage.
    5. Varieties recently released by the Tri-State program are now produced on over 115,000 acres in the Pacific Northwest. The contribution of the Tri-State Potato Variety Development Program to the U.S. potato industry was recognized in 2010 with two awards. The first award was given by the Far West Region of the Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer for Outstanding Regional Partnership. The second award acknowledged five ARS scientists within the Tri-State Program for Outstanding Efforts in Technology Transfer.
    6. The responses of new varieties to nitrogen fertilizer rates were compared with that of the industry standard, Russet Burbank. Within the range of yields produced in the trials, Alturas required about 40% less N than Russet Burbank for a given yield goal, while Classic Russet, Clearwater Russet, Premier Russet and Umatilla Russet required about 20-25% less N. Production of these varieties in ID, OR, and WA in 2011, potentially reduced the amount of nitrogen applied to the soil by 4.8 million pounds compared with the same acreage planted to the old standard, Russet Burbank.
    7. In 2010, three Texas Russet Norkotah selections (TXNS112, TXNS278, and TXNS296) collectively ranked fourth among the top 50 US varieties in acres accepted for seed certification, behind only Russet Burbank, Frito Lay varieties, and Ranger Russet. Virtually all of the russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2011 were to the improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. From 2008 through 2010 the average summer crop yield in Texas was reported to be the highest in the nation among the 11 summer crop producing states.
    8. Trials in Kern and Siskiyou County help breeders choose advance selections suited to California growing conditions. Varieties evaluated in the Southwest and Western Regional programs including Rio Grande Russet, Colorado Rose, Russet Norkotah strains TX112, TX223, TX278, 296, CO3, CO8, and Classic Russet account for more than 50% of California‘s Russet acreage.
    Last Modified: 13-Mar-2012

    Date of Annual Report: 03/25/2013

    Report Information:
  • Annual Meeting Dates: 01/28/13 to 01/28/13
  • Period the Report Covers: 01/2012 to 12/2012

    • Participants:
    Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting:
    Chair: Rob Wilson

    Secretary: Lorie Ewing

    Call to Order: Rob Wilson called the meeting to order at 11:00 am.

    Introductions: Attendees introduced themselves. An attendance list is included.

    Approval of Agenda and Minutes: A motion to accept the 2012 minutes and the current agenda was made by Mark Pavek and seconded by Creighton Miller. The motion passed unanimously.

    NIMSS Update: Donn Thill was unable to attend due to weather conditions, but sent an email reminding everyone that the duration of WERA027 is October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2015. Any discussion of termination of the project should keep this in mind. He also included information from NIMSS appendix A relating to the health of a project, with a recommendation to carefully weigh the advantages of keeping the project against reasons to terminate the project.

    State Reports: The complete written state reports for Idaho, Washington, Oregon, California, Texas and Colorado are in an attachment.

    Oregon, Washington, and Idaho: Reports were presented in the Tri-State Meeting. These states did not have any new to report.

    ARS/Prosser: Chuck Brown reported on Columbia Root Knot Nematode. Washington had a very hot summer with higher than average night temperatures. There is some indication that the gene for resistance breaks down under high night temperatures. They will check this with further studies. He also reported on PVY resistance in the breeding material using a marker. He concluded there is a penalty in quality for selecting resistance and that we tend to over-select for sensitivity to PVY when looking at other factors. Last season Mop Top was found in the field. 70% of symptomatic tubers tested positive and 30% of asymptomatic tubers tested positive for Mop Top. Chuck also talked about some phyto-nutrient work and selecting for super high levels of carotenoids.

    California: Rob Wilson presented the California Report. Two variety trials were conducted in the state, at Tulelake and the Bakersfield area. These included a second year variety management trial with Classic Russet looking at fertilizers and bruising; and a new study looking at timely vine kill and soil moisture on yields of Classic Russet. Reports will be out soon.

    Texas: Creighton Miller presented this report. Out of 67,000 seedlings, Texas had 507 selections. Texas had a successful field day with people from Canada to Mexico coming to learn about Zebra Chip. Zebra Chip has been the main focus recently with $1.6 million in funding coming from the state; however this past year that amount was cut in half. They have found varying degrees of resistance to Zebra Chip. Creighton reported Russet Norkotah selections 112, 278 and 296 have done well and are now the number third or fourth highest in acreage of certified seed. ATTX961014-1R/Y has been submitted for PVP as Sierra Rose.

    Colorado Report: Dave Holm presented this report. Three selections to be named are AC99329-7PW/Y (Masquerade), CO99053-3RU (Crestone Russet), CO99100-1RU (name to be determined).

    PVMI Report: Jeanne Debons presented the PVMI report during the Tri-State meetings and did not have anything new to report. Report is attached.

    Results were reported for the 2012 Western Regional Trials. Early and Late Trials: Rich Novy presented these results. A01010-1 has some merit. A02507-2LB is resistant to Late Blight and cold sweetening resistant. AO02183-2 is a very nice clone, but has high glycoalkaloids. PA00N14-2 has small, long tuber size, resistant to Corky Ringspot. AO00057-2 has limited seed available.

    Post Harvest Results: Rick Knowles presented the post-harvest results. A02138-2, A02507-2LB, AO02183-2 and AO96305-3 had the highest overall rating. A01010-1 had only 24% Blackspot bruising compared to Ranger Russet with 100%. AO02183-2 had good heat tolerance, but high levels of glycol-alkaloids.

    Regional Chipping Trial: Presented by Dave Holm. A00188-3C and CO02321-4W had better chip color than the standards. Acrylamide and asparagine in the chipping process was discussed.

    Red/Specialty Trial: Presented by Jeff Koym. Yukon Gold had low yields. OR04131-2 had highest yields. Red LaSoda had a high percentage of Hollow Heart in Colorado and California. So did COTX01403-4RY and CO04013-1WY. CO04013-1WY also had high levels of Internal Brown Spot in Texas.

    Disposition of Entries: Russet Trials: The following entries graduated from the Western Regional Russet trial: A01010-1, AO00057-2, AO96305-3, PA00N14-2. The following entries were advanced into the Western Regional Russet Trial from the Tri-State Trial: A02424-83LB, AO01114-4, OR05039-4, POR06V12-3. The following entry was advanced into the Early Russet Trial from the Tri-State Trial: A02062-1TE. The returning and new entries include: Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank, Russet Norkotah, A02138-2, A02507-2LB, A03158-2TE, AC00395-2RU, AO02060-3, CO03187-1RU, CO03276-5RU, A02062-1TE, CO04220-7RUCO04233-1RU, AOTX98152-3RU. AO02183-2 may be returned if TGA results are acceptable. Roy Navarre will try to get tests done before seed is shipped. The Early Trial has 15 entries and the Late Trial has 13 entries. New entries seed will be supplied by the state. Returning entries seed will be supplied by Oregon.

    Red/Specialty Trials: The following entries graduated from the Western Regional trial: CO00291-5R, OR04131-2, COTX01403-4R/Y, POR05PG56-1, OR04036-5. Returning and new entries include: Dark Red Norland, Red LaSoda, Yukon Gold, CO04021-2R/Y, CO04013-1W/Y, AC03534-2R/Y, CO04067-8R/Y, NDTX5438-11R.

    Chip Trials: The following entry graduated from the Western Regional trial: A01143-3C and will be fast tracked. The following entries were advanced into the Western Regional Chipping Trial from the Tri-State Trial: A00188-3C, AC03433-1W, and CO03243-3W. The returning and new entries include: Atlantic, Chipeta, A00188-3C, AC01151-5W, AC03433-1W, CO02024-9W, CO02033-1W, CO02321-4W, CO03243-3W, AC00206-2W, AC03452-2W.

    Seed Supply and Shipping List: Seed supplies and shipping lists were discussed. Brian Charlton will send out a list of available seed. He plans to start packing Feb 10, so would like requests soon. TX and CO will send out seed of their new lines. Discussion of appropriate checks for Red lines  decided Chieftain will replace Dark Red Norland as a check. We may have to buy seed to have enough.

    Discussion of Standardized Data Reporting Format: There was some discussion via emails and at Tri-State meetings. Is it better to use diameter or weight for specialty lines? Some states use mechanization by weight, others by hand. Some companies use sizers (diameter).

    Additional Business: Discussion regarding trial coordination of Red Specialty varieties. Brian Charlton and Mark Pavek decided Oregon and Washington would not be able to participate in these trials due to financial constraints.

    2014 Meeting Date and Location: The 2014 meeting site will be in Kennewick, WA on the Monday before the WA/OR potato conference.

    Election of Secretary: Tom Drader was elected Secretary.

    Meeting was adjourned at 1:20 pm

    Accomplishments:

    Impact Statements:
    Last Modified: 19-Jun-2013
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